![]() A Learning Objective merges required content with one or more of the seven Science Practices.īiological systems utilize free energy and molecular building blocks to grow, to reproduce, and to maintain dynamic homeostasis. The Learning Objectives listed in the Curriculum Framework provide a transparent foundation for the AP ® Biology course, an inquiry-based laboratory experience, instructional activities, and AP ® exam questions. Information presented and the examples highlighted in the section support concepts and Learning Objectives outlined in Big Idea 2 and Big Idea 4 of the AP ® Biology Curriculum Framework, as shown in the table. As we explore cellular respiration, we’ll learn that the two ways ATP is regenerated by the cell are called substrate-level phosphorylation and oxidative phosphorylation. Energy derived from the metabolism of glucose is used to convert ADP to ATP during cellular respiration. In the hydrolysis of ATP, free energy is supplied when a phosphate group or two are detached, and either ADP (adenosine diphosphate) or AMP (adenosine monophosphate) is produced. ![]() ![]() The ATP molecule consists of a ribose sugar and an adenine base with three phosphates attached. It allows the cells to store energy and transfer it within the cells to provide energy for cellular processes such as growth, movement and active transport. ATP (adenosine triphosphate) functions as the energy currency for cells. How is ATP used by the cell as an energy source?Īs we learned in previous chapters, living organisms require free energy to power life processes such as growth, reproduction, movement, and active transport.What is the importance of electrons for the transfer of energy in living systems?.In this section, you will explore the following questions:
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